Application of post-ripening catalyst TAP in polyurethane products
Application of post-ripening catalyst TAP in polyurethane products
Introduction
Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in the fields of construction, automobile, furniture, shoe materials, etc. Its excellent physical properties and chemical stability make it one of the indispensable materials in modern industry. However, the performance of polyurethane products depends not only on the choice of raw materials, but also closely related to the catalyst during their preparation. As a highly efficient catalyst, TAP (Triethylenediamine-based Amine Polyol) plays an important role in the production of polyurethane products. This article will introduce in detail the characteristics, applications of TAP catalysts and their specific application cases in polyurethane products.
1. Basic characteristics of TAP catalyst
1.1 Chemical structure
TAP catalyst is an amine catalyst based on triethylenediamine (TEDA). Its chemical structure contains multiple active amino groups, which can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol (Polyol) in the polyurethane reaction.
1.2 Physical Properties
TAP catalysts are usually colorless or light yellow liquids with low viscosity and good solubility. Its physical properties are shown in the following table:
| Properties | Value/Description |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Colorless or light yellow liquid |
| Density (20℃) | 1.02 g/cm³ |
| Viscosity (25℃) | 50-100 mPa·s |
| Solution | Easy soluble in water and organic solvents |
| Flashpoint | >100℃ |
1.3 Catalytic properties
TAP catalysts have efficient catalytic activity and can quickly initiate polyurethane reactions at lower temperatures. Its catalytic performance is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Fast reaction speed: TAP catalyst can significantly shorten the induction period of polyurethane reaction and speed up the reaction speed.
- Reaction temperature is low: At lower temperatures, TAP catalysts can still maintain high catalytic activity and are suitable for the production of a variety of polyurethane products.
- High reaction selectivity: TAP catalyst can selectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, reducing the occurrence of side reactions.
2. Application of TAP catalyst in polyurethane products
2.1 Polyurethane foam
Polyurethane foam is one of the main application areas of TAP catalysts. According to the hardness and density of the foam, polyurethane foam can be divided into soft foam and rigid foam.
2.1.1 Soft polyurethane foam
Soft polyurethane foam is widely used in furniture, mattresses, car seats and other fields. The application of TAP catalyst in soft foam is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Improve the porosity of foam: TAP catalyst can promote the formation of the open-cell structure of foam and improve the breathability and comfort of the foam.
- Improve the elasticity of foam: By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the elasticity and resilience of foam can be effectively improved.
- Shortening maturation time: TAP catalysts can significantly shorten the maturation time of soft foam and improve production efficiency.
2.1.2 Rigid polyurethane foam
Rough polyurethane foam is mainly used in construction insulation, cold chain transportation and other fields. The application of TAP catalyst in rigid foam is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Improve the closed cell ratio of foam: TAP catalyst can promote the formation of closed cell structure of foam and improve the insulation performance of foam.
- Enhance the mechanical strength of the foam: By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the mechanical strength and compressive resistance of the foam can be effectively enhanced.
- Reduce the thermal conductivity of foam: TAP catalyst can reduce the thermal conductivity of foam and improve the insulation effect.
2.2 Polyurethane elastomer
Polyurethane elastomers have excellent wear resistance, tear resistance and chemical resistance, and are widely used in shoe materials, seals, conveyor belts and other fields. The application of TAP catalyst in polyurethane elastomers is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Improve the crosslinking density of elastomers: TAP catalysts can promote the crosslinking reaction of elastomers, improve their crosslinking density and mechanical properties.
- Improve the processing performance of elastomers: TAP catalyst can improve the processing flowability of elastomers, reduce processing temperature, and improve production efficiency.
- Enhance the heat resistance of the elastomer: By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the heat resistance and aging resistance of the elastomer can be effectively enhanced.
2.3 Polyurethane coating
Polyurethane coatings have excellent adhesion, weather resistance and decorative properties, and are widely used in construction, automobile, furniture and other fields. The application of TAP catalyst in polyurethane coatings is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Improve the curing speed of the paint: TAP catalyst can significantly increase the curing speed of the paint and shorten the coating cycle.
- Improve the leveling of the coating: TAP catalyst can improve the leveling of the coating and improve the surface quality of the coating film.
- Enhance the chemical resistance of coatings: By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the chemical resistance and corrosion resistance of coatings can be effectively enhanced.
2.4 Polyurethane Adhesive
Polyurethane adhesives have excellent bonding strength, water resistance and weather resistance, and are widely used in construction, automobile, packaging and other fields. The application of TAP catalyst in polyurethane adhesives is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Improve the curing speed of adhesive: TAP catalyst can significantly increase the curing speed of adhesive and shorten the bonding time.
- Improve the initial adhesion of adhesive: TAP catalyst can improve the initial adhesion of adhesive and improve the adhesive effect.
- Enhance the heat resistance of adhesives: By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the heat resistance and aging resistance of the adhesive can be effectively enhanced.
III. Application cases of TAP catalyst
3.1 Case 1: Soft polyurethane foam mattress
A furniture manufacturing company uses TAP catalyst to produce soft polyurethane foam mattresses. By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the company has successfully improved the porosity and elasticity of the mattress, shortened the maturation time, and significantly improved the production efficiency. The specific parameters are shown in the following table:
| parameters | Before using TAP catalyst | After using TAP catalyst |
|---|---|---|
| Opening rate | 85% | 92% |
| Elasticity (rebound rate) | 45% | 55% |
| Mature Time | 24 hours | 12 hours |
| Production Efficiency | 1000 pieces/day | 1500 pieces/day |
3.2 Case 2: Rigid polyurethane foam insulation board
A building insulation material company uses TAP catalyst to produce rigid polyurethane foam insulation boards. By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the company has successfully increased the closed pore ratio and mechanical strength of the insulation board, reduced the thermal conductivity, and significantly improved the insulation effect. The specific parameters are shown in the following table:
| parameters | Before using TAP catalyst | After using TAP catalyst |
|---|---|---|
| Closed porosity | 88% | 95% |
| Compressive Strength | 150 kPa | 200 kPa |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.025 W/(m·K) | 0.020 W/(m·K) |
| Heat insulation effect | Good | Excellent |
3.3 Case 3: Polyurethane elastomer sole
A shoe material manufacturing company uses TAP catalyst to produce polyurethane elastomer soles. By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the company has successfully improved the wear resistance and tear resistance of the sole, improved the processing performance, and significantly improved the production efficiency. The specific parameters are shown in the following table:
| parameters | Before using TAP catalyst | After using TAP catalyst |
|---|---|---|
| Abrasion resistance | Good | Excellent |
| Tear resistance | Good | Excellent |
| Processing Temperature | 120℃ | 100℃ |
| Production Efficiency | 5000 pairs/day | 7000 pairs/day |
3.4 Case 4: Polyurethane coating
A paint manufacturing company uses TAP catalyst to produce polyurethane coatings. By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the company has successfully improved the curing speed and leveling of the coating, enhanced chemical resistance, and significantly improved the coating film quality. The specific parameters are shown in the following table:
| parameters | Before using TAP catalyst | After using TAP catalyst |
|---|---|---|
| Currency speed | 4 hours | 2 hours |
| Levelity | Good | Excellent |
| Chemical resistance | Good | Excellent |
| Coating quality | Good | Excellent |
3.5 Case 5: Polyurethane Adhesive
A certain adhesive manufacturer uses TAP catalyst to produce polyurethane adhesives. By adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst, the company has successfully improved the curing speed and initial viscosity of the adhesive, enhanced heat resistance, and significantly improved the bonding effect. The specific parameters are shown in the following table:
| parameters | Before using TAP catalyst | After using TAP catalyst |
|---|---|---|
| Currency speed | 6 hours | 3 hours |
| Initial stickiness | Good | Excellent |
| Heat resistance | Good | Excellent |
| Binding effect | Good | Excellent |
IV. Advantages and choices of TAP catalystsBattle
4.1 Advantages
- High-efficiency Catalysis: TAP catalysts have efficient catalytic activity and can significantly improve the speed and selectivity of polyurethane reactions.
- Widely used: TAP catalyst is suitable for the production of a variety of polyurethane products, including foams, elastomers, coatings and adhesives.
- Environmentally friendly: TAP catalyst has low volatility and toxicity and meets environmental protection requirements.
4.2 Challenge
- Higher cost: The production cost of TAP catalyst is higher, which may increase the production cost of polyurethane products.
- Storage Stability: TAP catalyst may decompose or be deactivated during storage, affecting its catalytic performance.
- Reaction Control: The amount and reaction conditions of TAP catalyst need to be accurately controlled, otherwise it may affect the performance of polyurethane products.
5. Future development trends
5.1 Development of new catalysts
With the continuous expansion of the application field of polyurethane products, the requirements for catalysts are becoming higher and higher. In the future, the development of new efficient and environmentally friendly TAP catalysts will become a research hotspot.
5.2 Green production process
Environmental protection and sustainable development are important directions for future industrial development. In the future, the production process of TAP catalysts will be more green and environmentally friendly and reduce environmental pollution.
5.3 Intelligent production
With the development of intelligent manufacturing technology, the production and application of TAP catalysts will be more intelligent. Through the intelligent control system, it can realize the precise addition of TAP catalysts and the automatic adjustment of reaction conditions, improving production efficiency and product quality.
Conclusion
The application of post-ripening catalyst TAP in polyurethane products has broad prospects. Its efficient catalytic performance and wide application fields make it an indispensable catalyst in polyurethane production. By reasonably adjusting the amount of TAP catalyst and reaction conditions, the performance and production efficiency of polyurethane products can be significantly improved. In the future, with the development of new catalysts and the application of green production processes, TAP catalysts will play a more important role in polyurethane products.
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